E-service innovation: combining directed and practice-based approaches

This paper aims to contribute to the service innovation literature by analyzing the different phases of e-service innovation in relation to the dichotomic model of practice-based versus directed innovation. In detail, using the case study method, the study investigates the innovation process of an e-service initiative developed by one of the largest universities in Italy and a banking group during the idea generation, design and implementation steps. The study advances service theory by detailing the integration of existing perspectives on service innovation and revealing the coexistence of directed innovation and practice-based changes. Finally, based on the results of this exploratory study, the paper concludes with research propositions.     

中国经济升级版的评价指标体系构建、测度与阶段甄别

改革开放以来，中国经济取得了举世瞩目的成绩，而随之引起的弊端也日益凸显，经济转型和经济升级成为刻不容缓的任务之一。本文选取1995～2014年中国20年间的统计数据，利用层次分析法，从人民幸福感程度、结构优化程度、可持续发展能力、外向型经济、创新驱动能力方面考察中国经济阶段性特征，再运用系统聚类分析，进一步探索出中国在这20年间历经的经济升级状况及发展趋势，最后提出中国经济再次升级的动力源泉在于提高民生保障水平、科技创新、绿色产业、发展服务业、构建全方位开放新格局。     

Optimizing suicide and trespass prevention on railways: a problem-solving model from the RESTRAIL project

Suicides and trespassing accidents result in more than 3800 fatalities in Europe, representing 88% of all fatalities occurring within the EU railway system. This paper presents a problem-solving model, which consists of a multistep approach structuring the analysis of a suicide or trespass-related problem on the railways. First, we present the method used to design, evaluate and improve the problem-solving model. Then we describe the model in detail: it comprises six steps with several subsequent actions, and each action is approached through a checklist of prompting questions and possible answers. At the end, we discuss the added value of this model for decision makers and its usability in the selection of optimal prevention measures.     

威海市海洋渔业资源可持续利用评价研究

全面收集整理了2007-2015年威海市渔业资源、经济和社会统计数据,在分析海洋渔业资源特点基础上,利用层次分析法原理构建了威海市海洋渔业资源可持续利用评价指标体系,该指标体系包括资源环境子系统、社会子系统和经济子系统3个层次的24个指标,采用层次分析法确定各指标的权重,应用层次灰色综合评价模型首次定量评估了2007-2015年威海市海洋渔业资源可持续利用水平。结果表明:2007年,威海市海洋渔业资源可持续利用综合评价值为0.45,2008年,评价值降至近9年的最低值0.15,仅为2007年的33.2%,2009年评价值回升到0.48,2010年,再次下降到较低的水平0.17,仅为2009年的35.9%,2010-2014年评价值一直维持在极低的水平,海洋渔业资源可持续利用水平一直处于较低的状态,2015年,评价值达到最大值0.82,是最低值的5.54倍,海洋渔业资源可持续利用水平明显提高。     

The relationship between business diversification and productivity: considering the impact of process innovation at different corporate life cycles

This paper investigates the link between a firm's process innovation (PI) and its segment productivity at different life cycles. The results show that business diversification is negatively associated with a firm's productivity, and further reveal that a firm's PI moderates the above relationship. In addition, the corporate life cycle literature builds blocks for this study to explain that the involvement of administrative costs varies across life cycles when diversified firms get mature and bigger. Our empirical evidence indicates that the potential costs of a complex organisational structure contingent on business diversification at a firm's mature life cycle could be alleviated by the conduct of process innovation. As process innovation at different life cycles may alter managerial incentive that leads to different firm performance, the managerial implication is that diversified firms should appropriately engage in process innovation to prevent unfavourable liability from the development of their businesses.     

Earnings management of initial public offering firms: evidence from regulation changes in China

Discretionary current accruals of Chinese initial public offering (IPO) firms decreased after the abolition of fixed‐price offering systems that directly linked offering price to reported earnings. Results suggest IPO firms that decrease managerial ownership manage earnings upward during the fixed‐price offering period, but this relationship disappeared after the introduction of a book‐building system. We also find that bank debt is negatively related to discretionary current accruals during the fixed‐price offering period, but no relation exists for the book‐building period. Leverage has a significant positive relationship with earnings management. However, this finding is potentially attributable to nonoffering price objectives or endogeneity biases.     

基于层次分析法的排土场稳定性分析

影响排土场稳定性的因素众多,主要分为内因和外因两大类,控制内因参数是在排土场使用过程中保持排土场稳定性的主要措施。因此,在众多内在影响因素中找出主要因素,并对其加以控制,对于保持排土场稳定性有重要意义。本文以云南某露天金属矿排土场为工程实例,运用层次分析法分析影响排土场稳定性的内因各指标的影响权重,确定主要影响因素,并运用FLAC3D数值模拟对层次分析法的分析结果进行验证,确定了控制排土场堆高是保证排土场稳定性的有效措施。     

基于工作过程的模块式教学的探讨与实践——以高职院校《机械制图》课程为例

根据高职教育的培养目标,针对高职院学生的特点,对高职院校《机械制图》课程进行科学改革,合理安排《机械制图》教学计划,实行模块式教学进行了探讨。提出了以职业能力和素质培养为本位,改革传统的学科教学体系,树立基于职业工作过程的教学理念。     

The process of entrepreneurial action at the base of the pyramid in developing countries: a case of vegetable farmers in Benin

The assumption that entrepreneurship is a critical factor in expanding employment, creating wealth and contributing to poverty alleviation at the base of the pyramid (BoP) in developing countries has led to the development of many initiatives to strengthen the entrepreneurial activities of poor people. Despite the fact that entrepreneurship is seen as a strategy in combatting poverty, the process that leads to entrepreneurial action in a BoP context is still unclear. In this paper, we illustrate the possibilities a multi-layered perspective offers to understand the complexity of entrepreneurship in poverty settings. Based on five focus group discussions and 36 in-depth interviews with vegetable farmers in Benin, we examined the entrepreneurship of poor people. We learned that entrepreneurial action is the nexus of individual and exogenous factors in complex relationships. Based on this, we elaborate on the characteristics of the process model of entrepreneurial action. We provide a process-based view of entrepreneurship at the BoP, suggesting a need for consistency between individual, behavioural strategies and contextual elements. We discuss the implications of our findings for BoP practice and provide a framing perspective that we hope will encourage a greater focus on the complexity of entrepreneurship phenomenon.     

有机硅废水达标处理工艺的探讨与应用

本文介绍了一种处理有机硅废水的新的工艺组合,即铁炭微电解——水解酸化——UASB——MBR联合处理法,第一步铁炭微电解很明显的改善了有机硅原水的可生化性,BOD/COD值可达0.52;进入水解酸化池后,部分大分子降解成小分子物质,可生化性进一步提高;随后进入UASB,在颗粒污泥的作用下,COD去除率达到81%;在曝气池中,设置MBR,进一步去除了COD,去除率为96%;最终出水能达标排放。